Conclusion
We are living at a time when the process of commoditization is radically altering our relationship with nature. Nature is increasingly being interpreted in terms of exchange value and mediated by the market. As a result, billions of people are chronically malnourished and lack access to clean water and energy. This is not the kind of world we want to live in. The possibility of ecological collapse necessitates urgent debate and, at the very least, a reconsideration of capital's ownership of the sustainability language, as well as the economistic bias that misses how the focus on growth has negative distributional and environmental consequences. If environmental sociology is to contribute meaningfully to efforts to address the tremendous challenges of environmental degradation that humanity faces in the twenty-first century, it must build a firm foundation of theoretically informed but empirically grounded research.
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